Purring is one of the most familiar cat sounds, and most people associate it with a happy, relaxed cat. That is often true, but the full picture is a little more complicated.
How cats purr
Purring is produced by rapid movements of the muscles of the larynx, which make the vocal folds vibrate as air moves in and out. That is why a purr can continue steadily while the cat breathes in and out. Domestic cats typically purr at low frequencies, commonly cited as roughly 25 to 150 hertz.
Purring when content
Cats commonly purr while being stroked, resting in a warm spot, kneading, or settling down beside a familiar person. In these situations, a purr combined with relaxed body language, such as soft eyes and a loose posture, usually indicates comfort.
Purring for other reasons
Cats may also purr when they are stressed, frightened, in pain or seriously unwell, and some researchers think purring can be self-soothing. Mother cats purr while nursing, and kittens purr back, which may help them stay connected. Many cats also use a “solicitation purr” when asking for food, blending the purr with a higher-pitched cry that people find hard to ignore.
Reading a purr in context
- Look at the body: is it relaxed and loose, or tense and hunched?
- Consider the situation: a cosy lap, or a trip to the vet?
- Notice other changes in appetite, grooming, hiding or breathing.
If your cat is purring but also hiding, not eating or breathing unusually, contact your veterinarian.
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